German
Below are listed some of the common issues facing native German speakers. We have divided these issues into Sound (Phonemes), Prosody (Rhythm, Tempo, Stress, and Intonation), and Other Stuff (Other Stuff).
Sound:
- There is a tendency for German speakers to change the final voiced consonant into a voiceless one, often at the ends of words.
o /k/ and /g/
o /ʧ/ with /ʤ/
o /t/ and /d/
o /f/ and /v/
- Confuse /s/ and /z/ sounds
- Confuse /v/ and /w/
- Over pronouncing the /l/
- Substituting /t/, /d/, /s/, and/z/ for /θ/ and /ð/
- Tendency to drop the /r/ sound when it occurs at the end of a word (may also trill the /r/, depending on dialect)
- Confuse /æ/ with /ɛ/
- Confuse /I/ with /i/
- Confuse /ʌ/ with /ɒ/
- Confuse /ʊ/ with /u/
Prosody:
Other Stuff:
